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Introduction: Sudden intraoperative desaturation may be dueto numerous reasons such as- ETT kinking, dislodgement,obstruction by tight gauze, obstruction off ETT lumen byforeign body, blood, bronchospasm, tension pneumothoraxand hemothorax, pulmonary embolism and finally equipmentmalfunction.Case Report: We hereby present a case of 28 year old femalethat was diagnosed with hydatid cystic.Conclusion: Regular cuff pressure measurement and vigilantpatient monitoring goes a long way to prevent catastrophe.
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Background: Preeclampsia is a complex clinical syndrome which involves multiple organ systems and remains the principle cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia is a disease of trophoblastic tissue. Placental abnormality is one of the initial events in patients who are destined to develop pregnancy induced hypertension subsequently. Objective of this study was to evaluate the association of laterally located placenta on ultrasound with development of preeclampsia.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 200 antenatal women with singleton pregnancy at 18-24 weeks of gestation who attended antenatal clinic of obstetrics and gynaecology, PGIMS Rohtak from October 2017 to October 2018. Detailed antenatal transabdominal ultrasound along with placental location was done between 18-24 weeks of gestation in women who fitted into inclusion criteria. All the antenatal women belonged to 18-24 weeks of gestation were included in the study except those women with chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, severe anaemia, thyrotoxicosis, low lying placenta, previous history of preeclampsia or eclampsia.Results: Out of 200 antenatal women, 84 had lateral placenta while 116 had central placenta. Out of these 84 women who had lateral placenta, 55 women (65.5%) developed preeclampsia and out of 116 (58%) women who had central placenta, 28 women (24.1%) developed preeclampsia.Conclusions: From the above study, we concluded that women with laterally located placenta by ultrasound at 18-24 weeks of gestation have greater risk of developing preeclampsia.
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Introduction: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) iscommon and serious complication of patients with livercirrhosis and ascites, without an apparent surgically treatableintra abdominal source of infection. Its prevalence rangesfrom 10% to 30%. Mortality rate was earlier reported morethan 90%, but it has now reduced to 30% -50% as a resultof rapid diagnosis and prompt initiation of antibiotics. Thepresent study was done to evaluate the various non culturemethods for the diagnosis of SBP.Material and Methods: Ascitic fluid sample were collectedaseptically from 100 cirrhotic patients with ascites. PMN(polymorphonuclear leukocyte) count was determined byNeubauer’s manual counting chamber and Leishman’s stainfor differential PMN cell counts. Granulocyte esterase activitywas detected using LER (Leukocyte esterase reagent) dipstickstrips.Results: Out of 100 samples processed, PMN cell count >250 cells/mm3 was found in 91% samples by conventionallight microscopy. Scale of > 2+ by LER strip was found in61 samples. Reading of PMN cell count of > 250 cells/mm3matched in 60 samples and < 250 cells/mm3 matched in 8 cellsby both microscopy and LER strip test. Sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value ofLER strip test was 65.9%, 88.89%, 98.36% and 20.51%respectively.Conclusion: LER strips as a screening tool for SBP haveadvantage of speed, low cost, availability at odd hours, requiresno technical expertise and can be performed everywhere.Its high specificity and PPV may help in early institution ofempirical antibiotic therapy in patients.
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Background: All the aspects of health status, lifestyle, life satisfaction, mental health and well-being together reflects the multidimensional nature of quality of life (QOL) in an individual. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life among rural elderly population of Etawah district and their association with various socio demographic factors.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 316 elderly subjects in rural areas of Etawah district. QOL was assessed by using WHOQOL-OLD tool. Socio-demographic factors were assessed by using a self-structured questionnaire. Data was analysed by using Microsoft Excel 2010 and statistical software SPSS-22. Transformed facet sore were calculated using WHOQOL- OLD manual and Independent sample t- test were applied.Results: Majority (86%) were in the (?75) years of age. Among the study participants, 52.8% were females, 67.5% were illiterate, 72.5% belong to nuclear family. The mean scores of QOL domains was maximum in death and dying (83.20), followed by sensory ability (62.99).The lowest mean score was seen Intimacy domain (22.80). Gender, type of family, financial status and staying with partner were found to be the determinants of better QOL (p>0.05).Conclusions: The mean quality of life score was below average in intimacy domain. It was maximum in death and dying domain